Abstract: 【Abstract】There is no effective clinical treatments for  retinal nerve degenerative disease. Recent studies demonstrate that retinal Müller cells expressed neural stem cell markers including SOX2, PAX6, CHX10,NOTCH1 and βIII tubulin, as well as various markers of postmitotic retinal neurons, including PKC (a marker of bipolar cells), peripherin (a marker of photoreceptor cells), HuD and Brn3 (markers of ganglion cells), neurofilament protein (a marker of ganglion, amacrine, and horizontal cells), and calretinin (a marker of ganglion, amacrine, and horizontal cells). These studies demonstrated that Müller cells exhibit progenitor characteristics and can differentiate to various retinal neurons, and suggested that Müller cells may have the potential for cellbased therapies for retinal nerve degenerative disease.  (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2013, 37: 123-128)